You can see that it would take over 8 days to transmit 1 day’s worth of data gathered to the ground stations. That means the mission controllers would need to plan when they want to collect data. This is part of the mission profile of the satellite. 

This is a very simple example and there is consideration of the duty cycle related to heat generated and power drawn, but we will just say the radio has a duty cycle of 25%. If the radio transmits longer than that, it risks overheating and damaging itself and other components and also risks using too much power, leaving the satellite batteries in a state where they cannot be recharged enough to handle eclipse (when the satellite is not illuminated by the sun). 

New inventions like Optical Satellite Communications with Lasers can provide much faster data rates, the tradeoff however is that these devices must be pointed with high accuracy and precision. This requires additional power to keep the pointing of the laser stable. Another tradeoff is that optical transmissions suffer from losses when the link is obscured by clouds or other materials. However, the time needed to transmit data will be much lower under normal conditions. Most satellites have multiple communications systems using various bands. 

Bands describe the various frequencies the satellite can communicate over. Some popular bands are S-Band and Ku and Ka Bands. Ku is short for the ‘under’ side of the K band and Ka is naturally the ‘above’ side of the K band. 

Below is a depiction of the tradeoffs between various bands. You can see the benefits of S-Band is that it is less susceptible to interference from rain and other environmental effects and requires less bandwidth. Some satellites use S-Band for command and control and health/status monitoring and K bands for large data transmission. You can imagine the engineers thought it was more important to keep command of the satellite and less important if some data was lost which could potentially be gathered in future passes.